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Reference

Questions

Answer-first pages for the questions practitioners search most: what counts as good, what things cost, and how the arithmetic works. Every number is dated, sourced on the benchmarks page, and stated as a range.

What is a good CTR for Google Ads?
A good click-through rate for Google Search ads in 2026 is above 6 percent, with the cross-industry average between 6 and 7 percent.
What is a good conversion rate for Google Ads?
Between 5 and 8 percent of clicks, measured click to conversion, is a good Google Search conversion rate in 2026; the cross-industry average sits in that range.
What is a good CPC for Google Ads?
The 2026 cross-industry average Google Search CPC is $4.30 to $5.50, so anything below that is good in general terms and meaningless in specific ones.
What is a good ROAS?
A good return on ad spend is one above your breakeven ROAS, which is one divided by your contribution margin: a 40 percent margin business breaks even at 2.5x and needs 3x or more to profit.
What is a good CPM?
A good CPM depends on the channel: $1 to $4 on open-web display, $8 to $20 on YouTube and TikTok, $13 to $14 median on Meta in 2026, $30 to $45 on LinkedIn, $20 to $45 on connected TV, and $18 to $30 for a host-read podcast spot.
What is a good CPA?
A good cost per acquisition is below the value of the acquisition: for a one-time sale, below the contribution margin of the order; for a customer, below a sensible share of lifetime value; for a lead, below the value of a lead given your close rate.
What is a good CTR for Facebook and Instagram ads?
A good link click-through rate on Meta in 2026 is 1.5 percent or higher, with the cross-industry range at 1.0 to 2.2 percent.
What is a good CPM for Facebook and Instagram ads?
The median Meta CPM in the first half of 2026 was $13 to $14, up about 20 percent year over year, with the middle half of accounts between roughly $7 and $33.
What is a good CPC for LinkedIn ads?
LinkedIn CPCs run $5 to $9 for most sponsored content and $10 or more when targeting senior titles in competitive industries, so anything under $6 is good.
What is a good cost per lead?
A good cost per lead is one your close rate and deal value can pay for: multiply average deal value by close rate to get the value of a lead, and stay under it with room for sales cost.
What is a good video completion rate?
On non-skippable inventory such as connected TV, 95 to 98 percent completion is normal and anything lower signals a delivery problem.
What is a good ad frequency?
For a short direct-response flight on social, an average frequency of 2 to 4 per week is the working range; performance usually degrades past 4 to 6.
What is a good viewability rate?
60 to 75 percent viewable is typical for display after optimization and 70 to 80 percent for online video, against the MRC standard of half the pixels in view for one second (two for video).
How much do Google Ads cost?
Google Ads has no minimum spend; you pay per click at auction prices that averaged $4.30 to $5.50 across industries in 2026, from under $2 in ecommerce to over $20 in legal and insurance.
How much do Facebook and Instagram ads cost?
Meta ads cost $13 to $14 per thousand impressions at the 2026 median, $0.70 to $0.80 per click on traffic campaigns and $1.40 to $1.90 blended, and about $38 per purchase on ecommerce panels.
How much do TikTok ads cost?
TikTok auction ads run about $8 to $12 per thousand impressions in the US, $0.50 to $1.50 per click, and require a minimum of $50 a day per campaign and $20 a day per ad group.
How much do LinkedIn ads cost?
LinkedIn sponsored content costs $30 to $45 per thousand impressions, $5 to $9 per click, and $50 to $150 per lead through lead gen forms, with enterprise targeting above that.
How much does connected TV advertising cost?
Connected TV inventory costs $20 to $45 per thousand impressions bought programmatically and $35 to $65 for premium publishers bought direct, with live sports above that.
How much do podcast ads cost?
Host-read podcast ads cost $18 to $30 per thousand downloads for a 30-second read and $25 to $50 for 60 seconds on established shows; dynamically inserted ads run $12 to $25.
How much does a DSP cost?
DSP platform fees run roughly 10 to 20 percent of media on open-auction buys, lower on direct deals, plus data fees of $0.50 to $3 CPM per third-party segment, verification fees, and any agency fee.
How do you calculate CPM?
CPM equals cost divided by impressions, multiplied by 1,000.
How do you calculate ROAS?
ROAS equals revenue attributed to advertising divided by advertising cost.
How do you calculate CPA?
CPA equals total media cost divided by conversions.
How do you calculate CTR?
CTR equals clicks divided by impressions, expressed as a percentage.
How do you calculate customer acquisition cost?
CAC equals total sales and marketing cost in a period divided by new customers acquired in that period.
How do you calculate reach and frequency?
Impressions equal reach multiplied by average frequency, so frequency equals impressions divided by reach and reach equals impressions divided by frequency.
How do you calculate breakeven ROAS?
Breakeven ROAS equals one divided by the contribution margin rate before marketing.
How do you calculate incremental lift?
Incremental lift equals the conversion rate of the exposed group minus the conversion rate of the control group, divided by the control group's rate.
How do you calculate share of voice?
Share of voice equals your advertising (spend, impressions, or GRPs) divided by total advertising in the category, including yours.

Reference

A reference library for digital advertising, written and reviewed by the Agency Echelon team. Free to read. No advertising, no sponsorship, no affiliate links, no email gate.

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Reviewed September 23, 2026. Reference text is licensed CC BY 4.0. Privacy